According to the environmental characteristics of altitude, temperature and humidity, air density, atmospheric pressure, light intensity and so on, the standardization of oil monitoring data of special vehicles in plateau environment was studied. The concept of oil monitoring metadata processing is proposed, by using the principal component analysis method and analyzing the correlation of monitoring data, the data threshold is calculated, and the oil condition reference standard and fault diagnosis threshold standard of a certain type of special vehicle are established. The results show that the study has established a basic framework for plateau oil monitoring, and can provide an effective reference for other similar vehicles.