In order to solve the problems of formation assembly efficiency and formation keeping accuracy of small fixed-wing UAV group, a strategy combining loose formation rapid assembly based on Dubins route planning and fine formation control based on distributed consensus algorithm is designed. To achieve rapid and efficient formation assembly, stable formation maintenance and transformation. The Dubins curve method is used to establish a multi-aircraft cooperative route planning model, and the GA genetic optimization algorithm is used to obtain the sub-optimal solution of the loose aggregation route, and the shortest formation assembly time is obtained by comparing with the analytical solution; For the aggregation state error caused by route planning, the distributed consensus control algorithm based on virtual leader is used to generate accurate geometric formation, and the formation is maintained and transformed to obtain a stable rigid geometric configuration while ensuring the safe distance between aircraft. The simulation results of oblique and V-shaped configurations show that the algorithm is effective in terms of time efficiency and formation control accuracy.