In order to solve the problem of lacking effective training methods in infantry battlefield adaptability training, a simulation training system based on multi-sensory virtual reality is constructed. Taking the training requirements as the breakthrough point, this paper puts forward four levels of training requirements, including battlefield physiological adaptation, psychological adaptation, survival adaptation, crisis adaptation. Based on the requirements, seven functions are designed, including typical combat environment simulation, vehicle crew cabin simulation, weapon effect simulation, personnel task posture simulation, perceptual environment simulation, data collection and analysis, training management; Hierarchical and integrated system architecture, multi-level protection, step-by-step operation mode and feedback data management are used to design and construct a fully functional system, and the key technical route of multi-sensory simulation is formulated. The results show that the system can effectively guide the research and development of the new battlefield adaptability simulation training system.