In order to construct a multidimensional effectiveness assessment framework for future war, research on combat effectiveness assessment methods is conducted. The research progress in the field of combat effectiveness assessment in the past five years is systematically sorted out, the conceptual connotation of combat effectiveness assessment is defined, the core literature is visualized and analyzed based on CiteSpace, the iterative paradigm of the combat effectiveness assessment process is summarized, and the three-generation technological spectrum of the assessment methodology is further proposed, and the literature review is conducted around the assessment methodologies of traditional static analysis, simulation of virtual-real fusion, and intelligent dynamic modeling. The results of the study show that it is necessary to further solve the challenges of data heterogeneity, timeliness of real-virtual interaction and model reliability, and promote the development of combat effectiveness assessment in the direction of intelligence, dynamization and systematization.