In order to improve the efficiency of human-computer interaction (HCI) in radar shelter, a cognitive model of human-machine interface (HMI) is proposed. The common cognitive models such as S-O-R model, SRK model and information processing model are analyzed, and the existing display position, manipulator layout, communication device position and other equipment in the cabin are analyzed and studied according to the cabin human-machine interface cognitive model, and the improvement scheme is formed. The results show that the scheme can provide a reference for the next radar shelter design.