In order to improve the structural safety of wind tunnel during commissioning and operation, a structural health monitoring system for large low-speed wind tunnel is designed and developed. According to the characteristics of scattered and movable monitoring objects in wind tunnel, the requirements of structural health monitoring (SHM) are analyzed accurately. Based on the analysis, the system adopts the hybrid network architecture based on optical fiber ring network and star connection to realize the distributed acquisition, edge computation and efficient transmission of the distributed structure state data. The operation system shows that the system plays a significant role in the monitoring and evaluation of flow-induced vibration in the anechoic chamber and the monitoring and diagnosis of foreign bodies intercepted by the protective net, and effectively guarantees the operation safety of the large low-speed wind tunnel.