In order to improve the precision of the actuator, the mathematical models of the key components such as the actuator amplifier, the fluidic pipe valve, the actuator and the feedback potentiometer were established according to the working principle of the pneumatic actuator of an export-oriented guided weapon. According to the established mathematical model, Matlab/Simulink simulation is carried out to verify the accuracy of the model in frequency domain and time domain; Aiming at the problem of "burr" interference in the process of guided ammunition target test, the mathematical models of the key components of the actuator were injected with "burr" interference, and the simulation results were compared with the telemetry data of guided ammunition target test. The simulation results show that the fault of the feedback potentiometer of the pneumatic actuator can cause the "burr" problem of the pneumatic actuator, and the interference of the "burr" can be eliminated after the actual elimination, which provides a theoretical basis for the failure mode analysis of the pneumatic actuator of the subsequent guided weapon.