To improve the performance and reliability of the propulsion system, the research progress of the aging mechanism of NEPE propellant at home and abroad was analyzed. The research results of traditional experimental method, molecular simulation method and the aging mechanism of NEPE propellant at home and abroad are summarized; The aging types, influencing factors and description methods of NEPE propellant are discussed; The characteristics and advantages of different methods in exploring the aging mechanism of NEPE propellant are summarized. In terms of traditional experimental methods, mechanical analysis, thermal analysis, spectral analysis and chromatographic analysis are widely used, which provides a macro level quantitative and qualitative analysis approach for the exploration of NEPE propellant aging mechanism. Molecular simulation provides a new perspective from the atomic and molecular scales. By simulating the microstructure and property changes of NEPE propellant, it provides a deeper understanding and perspective for the study of propellant aging mechanism. This study puts forward new fields and methods that can be explored in the research of NEPE propellant aging mechanism, which can provide reference for the performance improvement and safety guarantee of propulsion system.