In order to improve the fine management level of equipment maintenance quality, the influencing factors of equipment maintenance quality are analyzed. Through literature analysis and questionnaire investigation, eight factors affecting the maintenance quality of weapon equipment are summarized from the composition and process of maintenance activities; Based on interpretative structural modeling (ISM), the hierarchical logical relationship among the factors affecting the maintenance quality of weapon equipment is obtained and analyzed. The results show that the analysis can provide a reference for the maintenance quality management of weapon equipment.