According to the high requirements of airport construction project system for quality risk management and control, the quality risk transmission model of airport construction project is established through the classical SEIRS infectious disease transmission model. Through the simulation of the model, the relationship between the threshold and the project quality risk in the airport construction project is analyzed. The relationship between the influencing factors and the quality risk of the airport construction project is analyzed. The internal mechanism and realistic characteristics of the quality risk transmission and development of the airport construction projects are analyzed. And suggestions for the project quality risk management and control are put forward. The results show that the model can provide help for strengthening the overall efficiency of airport construction projects.