In order to better analyze the dynamic response of ammunition dropping in complex environment, the dynamic finite element model of ammunition was established based on nonlinear finite element theory. 5 kinds of typical ground finite element models were established, and the stress and acceleration data of the key components of the boxed ammunition under different ground characteristics were obtained by simulation calculation, and the influence of different ground characteristics on the stress and acceleration was analyzed. The analysis results show that this method can provide a reference for the accident treatment of ammunition falling box, and also provide a design idea for the optimization of ammunition packing box.