In order to improve the development path of the cartridge loader, the development status of the cartridge loader was studied based on the existing utility model patents at home and abroad. Based on the patents collected by CNKI, Wanfang and Patent Net, the loaders are classified according to their action principles, and their development context is analyzed. This paper analyzes the types of guns suitable for the existing ammunition loaders at home and abroad and their respective advantages and disadvantages, and expounds the shortcomings of the ammunition loaders from the aspects of automation degree, use conditions and man-machine-environment, and predicts the development trend of the ammunition loader towards intelligence, portability, integration and strong environmental adaptability. The results show that the research can provide theoretical support for the further development of the cartridge loader.