In order to achieve the purpose of high-precision temperature field measurement in the low temperature range, and to solve the shortcomings of the ITS90 international temperature scale fixed-point calibration method for low temperature sensors in the temperature range from argon three-phase (3.05 K) to mercury three-phase (234. 315 6 K), a set of high precision calibration device for multiple temperature sensors in the low temperature range was developed. The design scheme of the device is introduced, and the thermodynamic simulation calculation of the core part of the low temperature sensor calibration device, the thermal insulation calibration chamber, is carried out, and the simulation calculation of its main three-layer structure type, thermal insulation technology and temperature field uniformity assurance measures is carried out, and finally the simulation results are verified by experiments. The simulation and verification results show that the design scheme can meet the design requirements.