Aiming at the problem of UAV operational effectiveness evaluation, the main methods of UAV system operational effectiveness evaluation are analyzed. Based on the brief introduction of operational effectiveness evaluation, the technical progress of operational effectiveness evaluation for UAV system is introduced, the advantages and disadvantages of 3 different evaluation methods are analyzed, and the possible research directions of UAV operational effectiveness evaluation in the future are analyzed. The results show that the analysis can provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation and improvement of the operational effectiveness of UAV system, and has a certain guiding role in how to evaluate the effectiveness of UAV and what kind of effectiveness evaluation method to adopt.