Aiming at the influence of the asymmetry of the 2 sides of the buffer device on the characteristics of the automatic machine, the analysis is carried out. The bonding space topological structure diagram of the automatic machine was established by using the bonding space theory, and the influence of the asymmetry of the spring initial force, spring stiffness, recoil damping and recoil damping of the buffer device on the recoil dynamic characteristics and vertical target density of the automatic machine was analyzed. The results show that the influence of each factor on the maximum recoil displacement, the maximum recoil force and the vertical target density is obtained.