In order to solve the problem of evaluating the construction level of army safety culture, a method of evaluating the construction level of army safety culture based on evidence reasoning is proposed. From 4 aspects, including safety concept, safety system, safety activity, and safety substance, the evaluation index system is constructed, and the evaluation model of safety culture construction level based on the confidence rule base is established. The preliminary evaluation result is obtained by combining the case analysis. The rule base is optimized by using the method of parameter learning and reevaluated, and verified by the case analysis. The result shows that the optimized evaluation model makes the evaluation process more efficient and the evaluation result more accurate.