To solve the problem that increasing caliber results in high recoil force, a certain type aircraft gun recoil damper will be optimal designed. Change the ring spring construction of the buffer to ring spring-hydraulic construction, introduce its construction and working principle, establish mechanical model of recoiling or priming process, analyze the change rule of recoil resistance, optimize the parametric of the improved construction and carry out simulation and analysis. The results of analysis indicate that can reduce the recoil or primer ignition force and recoil or primer ignition displacement effectively and achieve the result of floating shooting though the use of improved recoil damper.