For solving the business rule uneasy adjusting and low processing timeliness of radar important target analysis system, this paper designs the overall architecture of the prototype system of radar key target analysis and decision making based on SOA. According to user actual operation requirements, use service technology and entity relation abstract technology, design target transformation relation model and 9 target recognition model service, and adopt real history radar data to evaluate and analyze system scalability and target analysis timeliness. The analysis result show that the system is better than traditional software structure in function scalability, and it can improve target analysis timeliness.