Aiming at the shortcomings of the current research on the effect of ammunition explosion, the visual effect of ammunition explosion in virtual reality scene is studied. Expounded the basic principle of particle system and ammunition explosion, analyzed of different characteristics of flame particle and explosive particle system changes in texture, and a design example was given. Analyzed derived and the attenuation model of explosion fragmentation, the actual use of the virtual scene in the phase should be simplified, and was verified by practical examples. Experimental results show that the proposed method has a certain improvement, compared with the traditional visual simulation method, and can achieve a relatively good visual effect.