In order to obtain the information about the environment around the robot, a single laser radar is applied to the ground environment sensing experiment system for the vehicles. Reciprocating motion at a constant speed of the single laser radar (UTM-LX30) is realized by using an Archimedes spiral CAM mechanism. Environment construction and obstacle identification are obtained by data stitching algorithm and space geometry transformation. The data is transformed to surface data with uniform format by interpolating fitting. Through matching the peak points and valley points on the surface data obtained by radar scan, the maximal calculated theoretical deviation is 0.5 cm, which is enough to meet the navigation requirements of the unmanned platform. 10 m×10 m areas are built by Matlab simulation. The maximal height differences and maximal inclination of the three-dimensional morphology data are obtained according to the obstacle identification. Based on the maximal surmountable obstacle height and the maximal climbing angle of the vehicle, the optimal path for the unmanned platform can be obtained by simulation. Result of the simulation shows that the ground environment sensing technology is feasible and effective, and it has a certain reference value and practical value.