Aiming at the problem of radiation monitoring in the army, the analysis method of radiation monitoring system based on UAV is proposed. Through the analysis of the research and development and application of radiation monitoring equipment based on UAV at home and abroad, combined with the current situation of active equipment in the army, the advantages of radiation monitoring based on UAV are analyzed. The results show that the analysis can meet the needs of radiation monitoring and sampling, improve the efficiency of emergency response, protect the safety of rescue workers, and reduce the radiation injury of rescue workers.