低信噪比下无人机跳频信号降噪算法
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四川省科技厅计划项目(2025ZHCG0007)


Denoising Algorithm for Frequency Hopping Signal of UAV in Low SNR
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    摘要:

    针对复杂低空电磁环境下无人机跳频(frequency hopping,FH)信号受OFDM混叠干扰与强噪声影响,导致现有降噪算法抗噪鲁棒性与特征保真度不足的问题,提出一套集盲分离预处理、自适应时频掩码降噪和参数估计验证于一体的跳频信号降噪处理方法。采用双滑窗软硬阈值自适应分离算法,剥离OFDM宽带干扰,为降噪环节提供高纯净度输入,通过基于稳健峰值跟踪的时频掩码降噪算法,结合2维形态学后处理,实现强噪声下跳频特征的高保真提纯,再通过跳频参数盲估计量化验证算法性能。仿真结果表明:该算法在-16 dB极端低信噪比下仍能完整还原跳频时频轨迹,有效抑制噪声与伪峰干扰,性能显著优于传统算法,可为无人机射频指纹识别提供可靠技术支撑。

    Abstract:

    In complex low-altitude electromagnetic environment, the frequency hopping (FH) signal of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is affected by OFDM aliasing interference and strong noise, which leads to the lack of anti-noise robustness and feature fidelity of the existing noise reduction algorithms. To solve this problem, a set of frequency hopping signal noise reduction method is proposed, which integrates blind separation preprocessing, adaptive time-frequency mask noise reduction and parameter estimation verification. Uses the double sliding window soft and hard threshold adaptive separation algorithm, strips the OFDM broadband interference, provides high purity input for the noise reduction link, through the time-frequency mask noise reduction algorithm based on robust peak tracking, combined with two-dimensional morphological post-processing, realizes the high fidelity purification of frequency hopping characteristics under strong noise, and then verifies the performance of the algorithm through the blind estimation of frequency hopping parameters. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can completely recover the time-frequency trajectory of frequency hopping in the extreme low SNR of-16 dB, effectively suppress the noise and false peak interference, and the performance is significantly better than traditional algorithm, which can provide reliable technical support for UAV RF fingerprint identification.

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陈 肯.低信噪比下无人机跳频信号降噪算法[J].,2026,45(09).

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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-15
  • 最后修改日期:2025-02-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-09-28
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